El conocimiento de las poblaciones del pasado a través de los restos óseos: Aproximación a la interpretación de un espacio funerario: El cementerio hispano-musulmán de San Nicolás (Murcia)

Proyecto fin de carrera en Biología Evolutiva y BiodiversidadEl cementerio hispano-musulmán de San Nicolás en Murcia fue excavado hace más de 30 años. Toda la colección se encuentra depositada en esta universidad. Este trabajo pretende aplicar nuevos métodos como son los Sistemas de Información Geográfica para reconstruir este espacio funerario, así como para realizar un estudio demográfico básico de la población musulmana allí enterrada y realizar un estudio sobre el estado de preservación de los restos óseos. Esto es posible gracias a todos los datos que se han recuperado del cementerio (imágenes, dibujos, fichas de campo…) y digitalizado para maximizar la información que existe sobre esta colección

Experiencia clínica de rehabilitación pulmonar en niños asmáticos: Estudio de serie de casos en la Clínica Universitaria Teletón

67 Páginas.Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos con niños entre 5 y 15 años de edad con antecedentes de asma crónica de moderada a severa, que ingresaron a un programa integral de rehabilitación pulmonar. Su función pulmonar fue evaluada mediante la realización de una prueba espirometrica. Su capacidad y la limitación al ejercicio se evaluó mediante la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos. Estas pruebas fueron aplicadas antes y seis meses después. Dos cuestionarios de calidad de vida, la PAQLQ. En seis de los siete casos, hubo mejoría en la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos. así como la menor necesidad de medicación de rescate y de reducción de dosis equivalentes de beclometasona o medicamentos controladores

Assessing the joint impact of DNAPL source-zone behavior and degradation products on the probabilistic characterization of human health risk

The release of industrial contaminants into the subsurface has led to a rapid degradation of groundwater resources. Contamination caused by Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) is particularly severe owing to their limited solubility, slow dissolution and in many cases high toxicity. A greater insight into how the DNAPL source zone behavior and the contaminant release towards the aquifer impact human health risk is crucial for an appropriate risk management. Risk analysis is further complicated by the uncertainty in aquifer properties and contaminant conditions. This study focuses on the impact of the DNAPL release mode on the human health risk propagation along the aquifer under uncertain conditions. Contaminant concentrations released from the source zone are described using a screening approach with a set of parameters representing several scenarios of DNAPL architecture. The uncertainty in the hydraulic properties is systematically accounted for by high-resolution Monte Carlo simulations. We simulate the release and the transport of the chlorinated solvent perchloroethylene and its carcinogenic degradation products in randomly heterogeneous porous media. The human health risk posed by the chemical mixture of these contaminants is characterized by the low-order statistics and the probability density function of common risk metrics. We show that the zone of high risk (hot spot) is independent of the DNAPL mass release mode, and that the risk amplitude is mostly controlled by heterogeneities and by the source zone architecture. The risk is lower and less uncertain when the source zone is formed mostly by ganglia than by pools. We also illustrate how the source zone efficiency (intensity of the water flux crossing the source zone) affects the risk posed by an exposure to the chemical mixture. Results display that high source zone efficiencies are counter-intuitively beneficial, decreasing the risk because of a reduction in the time available for the production of the highly toxic subspecies.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Objectes cel·lulars en categories de models

Treballs finals del Màster en Matemàtica Avançada, Facultat de matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2016, Director: Carles CasacubertaWhitehead’s Theorem is a classical result in algebraic topology which states that any continuous map between CW complexes which is both inducing a bijection of path connected components and isomorphisms in homotopy groups for any choice of base point is an homotopy equivalence. CW complexes are topological spaces built through an interative process of cell attachment. In the 1990s a more general notion of cellular object in the framework of model categories was given and it started a really productive work on cellular objects in many other areas like commutative algebra, group theory or algebraic geometry. The first aim of this work is to write down the proof of Whitehead’s Theorem in pointed model categories which states that an $A$-equivalence between $A$-cellular fibrant objects is an homotopy equivalence for any cofibrant object $A$

Influencia del nivel de estudios alcanzado en alumnos de Medicina sobre la percepción de la necesidad de tratamientos de soporte al final de la vida

ABSTRACT : Objectives: The limitation of therapeutic effort during end-of-life care has been object of an intense debate throughout the medical community. The aim of this study was to analyse the different perspectives of medical students regarding these topics and identify characteristics associated with them. Methods: Q methodology analysis was performed to find profiles. A chi-square test was used to compare proportions. Results: 143 students participated. We obtained three opinion profiles. The first of the profiles seeks to ensure quality of life and attaches great importance to the patient’s will; the second one puts life extension above anything else; and the third one advocates an equitable health system with no room for special cases. Those students who have religious beliefs are included in profile 2 in a greater proportion (48.8% vs 27.5%), while those who claim not to be religious or consider their beliefs do not influence their ethical principles are primarily included in profile 3 (48.5% vs 29.2%). Conclusion: Three profiles were identified on end-of-life care. Given the influence of beliefs and academic training on these viewpoints, the reinforcement of bioethics and health economics contents in medical schools’ curricula would contribute to developing more knowledge-based opinion profiles.RESUMEN : Objetivos: La limitación del esfuerzo terapéutico en el contexto de los tratamientos de soporte al final de la vida ha generado un intenso debate en la comunidad médica. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los diferentes puntos de vista de los estudiantes de medicina sobre estos temas, e identificar características asociadas con los mismos. Métodos: Se realizó un análisis con metodología Q para hallar perfiles. Para comparar proporciones se utilizó un test chi-cuadrado. Resultados: 143 estudiantes participaron. Se obtuvieron tres perfiles de opinión. El primero de ellos busca garantizar la calidad de vida y el respeto a la voluntad del paciente; el segundo valora la extensión de la vida por encima de todo; y el tercero aboga por un sistema de salud equitativo, sin espacio para casos especiales. Los estudiantes que tienen creencias religiosas se incluyen en el perfil 2 en una mayor proporción (48.8% vs 27.5%), mientras que aquellos que no son religiosos o consideran que sus creencias no influyen sus principios éticos pertenecen principalmente al perfil 3 (48.5% vs 29.2%). Conclusión: Tres perfiles con respecto a los tratamientos de soporte al final de la vida fueron identificados. Considerando la influencia de las creencias y la formación académica en estos puntos de vista, el refuerzo de los contenidos de bioética y economía sanitaria en las facultades de medicina contribuiría a desarrollar perfiles de opinión más basados en el conocimiento.Grado en Medicin

Political artefacts, aesthetics and heritage: the Valley of the Fallen

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Heritage Studies on 2020, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/13527258.2019.1620834.[EN] When considering the values which define heritage, aesthetic value is usually one of the most important, nearly always linked to the idea of work of art and to concepts such as beauty or harmony. Furthermore, aesthetics and politics tend to be dealt with separately. However, the link between aesthetics and politics is key in order to manage the meaning of those artefacts made with the intention of altering the political environment (political artefacts), particularly when they could be (or when they have already become) heritage. This paper puts forward the idea that in order to fully comprehend the social effects of political artefacts, their relationship with aesthetics must be understood. The function of aesthetics in modifying the meanings and connotations of heritage, when the latter is considered to be negative from a socio-political point of view, is also examined. In order to exemplify this relationship between aesthetics and politics, the resignification of the Valley of the Fallen (Valle de los Caidos), the most iconic and important Francoist memorial in Spain, is discussed.Barros García, JM. (2020). Political artefacts, aesthetics and heritage: the Valley of the Fallen. International Journal of Heritage Studies. 26(3):253-266. https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2019.1620834S253266263Alexander, J. C. (2010). Iconic Consciousness: The Material Feeling of Meaning. 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Heritage as Performance. The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Heritage Research, 52-68. doi:10.1057/9781137293565_4Hite, K. (2008). The Valley of the Fallen: Tales from the Crypt. Forum for Modern Language Studies, 44(2), 110-127. doi:10.1093/fmls/cqn001Jay, M. (1992). «The Aesthetic Ideology» as Ideology; Or, What Does It Mean to Aestheticize Politics? Cultural Critique, (21), 41. doi:10.2307/1354116Joerges, B. (1999). Do Politics Have Artefacts? Social Studies of Science, 29(3), 411-431. doi:10.1177/030631299029003004Larkin, B. (2013). The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure. Annual Review of Anthropology, 42(1), 327-343. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522Layton, R. (2003). Art and Agency: A Reassessment. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 9(3), 447-464. doi:10.1111/1467-9655.00158Macdonald, S. (2006). Undesirable Heritage: Fascist Material Culture and Historical Consciousness in Nuremberg. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 12(1), 9-28. doi:10.1080/13527250500384464Macdonald, S. (2006). Words in Stone? Journal of Material Culture, 11(1-2), 105-126. doi:10.1177/1359183506063015Mitchell, W. J. T. (2005). What Do Pictures Want? doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226245904.001.0001Morphy, H. (2009). Art as a Mode of Action. Journal of Material Culture, 14(1), 5-27. doi:10.1177/1359183508100006Nelson, B. J. (2010). The Persistence of Presence. doi:10.3138/9781442660298Riaño, P. H. 2019a. “Las Visitas al Valle de los Caídos Subieron un 33,5% el Año Pasado Respecto a 2017.” El País, January 3. https://elpais.com/cultura/2019/01/03/actualidad/1546533314_068761.htmlRiaño, P. H. 2019b. “El Valle de los Caídos, en el Limbo Jurídico.” El País, February 18. https://elpais.com/politica/2019/02/17/actualidad/1550416399_148038.htmlSchabert, T. (1989). Boston Politics. doi:10.1515/9783110847062Sferrazza Papa, E. C. (2018). What is a wall? Rivista di estetica, (67), 80-96. doi:10.4000/estetica.2645Smith, L. (2006). Uses of Heritage. doi:10.4324/9780203602263Thomas, N. (1995). Kiss the Baby Goodbye: «Kowhaiwhai» and Aesthetics in Aotearoa New Zealand. Critical Inquiry, 22(1), 90-121. doi:10.1086/44878